Results: The highest level of LS was reported by persons with SCI living in USA, Malaysia, and Switzerland (mean range: 3.76-3.80), and the lowest by persons with SCI living in South Korea, Japan and Morocco (mean range: 2.81-3.16). LS index was calculated as the mean of these 5 items. Main outcomes: Life satisfaction measured by 5 items selected from the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment-BREF (WHOQOL-5): satisfaction with overall quality of life, health, daily activities, relationships, and living conditions. Participants: Persons (N=12,108) with traumatic or non-traumatic SCI aged at least 18 years, living in the community and able to respond to one of the available language versions of the questionnaire. Setting: Community setting (22 countries representing all 6 World Health Organization regions). The study tested the hypothesis that there are differences in LS across InSCI countries according to the countries’ economic status specified as gross domestic product per capita purchased power parity (GDP-PPP). Objective: To analyze and compare life satisfaction (LS) in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) living in 22 countries participating in the International SCI (InSCI) community survey. This hypothetical signaling axis may provide prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for SCI-related NeP. In peripheral blood of chronic SCI, HAVCR2 might act as a key receptor on the surface of NK cells and interact with ligand LGALS9 secreted by CD14+ monocytes, inhibiting NK cells through mTOR signaling pathway and ultimately predicting the occurrence of SCI-related NeP. The results of RT-qPCR and external dataset validation supported the signaling axis with the most significant co-expression patterns.Conclusion Besides, the co-expression analysis revealed that TF YY1 had significantly co-expression pattern with cellular communication receptor HAVCR2 (R = −0.54, P < 0.001) in NK cells while HAVCR2 was also co-expressed with mTOR signaling pathway (R = 0.57, P < 0.001). Only HAVCR2 was significantly associated with NeP (P = 0.005). Five proteins (ADRB2, LGALS9, PECAM1, HAVCR2, LRP1) were identified in the overlap of proteins in the significant ligand-receptor interactions of PBMCs and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network based on the DEGs. Co-expression analysis among significantly enriched TFs, key cellular communication genes and differentially expressed signaling pathways were performed to identify key genes and cellular components for SCI-related NeP.ResultsA total of 2,314 genes were identified as DEGs between the experimental and the control group. Transcription factor (TF) enrichment analysis and Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) were used to identify the potential upstream regulatory TFs and downstream signaling pathways, respectively. CellPhoneDB algorithm was performed to identify the ligand–receptor interactions and their cellular localization among single PBMCs. Non-parametric tests were used to evaluate the association between all of differential expression genes (DEGs) and SCI-related NeP.
#Wechsel pain and rehab archive#
A total of 3,368 normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were download from Sequence Read Archive (SRA713577). The gene expression profile of 25 peripheral blood samples from chronic phase SCI patients (E-GEOD-69901) and 337 normal peripheral blood samples were downloaded from ArrayExpress and Genotype-Tissue Expression Portal (GTEx), respectively. The purpose of this study is to identify key genes and cellular components for SCI-related NeP by an integrated transcriptome bioinformatics analysis.Methods SCI-related neuropathic pain (NeP) is a common complication, whereas its pathomechanism is still unclear. Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most devastating diseases with a high incidence rate around the world. Higher levels of anxiety and depression seem to be predictive for this decreased life satisfaction. Life satisfaction is negatively affected in patients with SCI and pain compared to patients with SCI but without pain. Predictive for lower scores of life satisfaction were higher ratings of mood disorders. In logistic regression analysis the univariate relationship between pain and low life satisfaction was removed.
Continuous pain interfered to a greater extent than did intermittent pain. Patients with pain experienced lower life satisfaction compared with individuals who were pain free. In total 191 (83%) of the questionnaires were returned and analysed. Ratings of pain intensity, pain unpleasantness, mood, and life satisfaction (LiSat-9). Two hundred and thirty patients with SCI were mailed a questionnaire. To assess and describe life satisfaction in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) with regard to pain.Ī cross-sectional descriptive study of self-reported life satisfaction in individuals with SCI, with and without pain.